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English irregular verbs > Divid verbs to logical groups > Verbs with devoicing of the ending and no other irregularity

Verbs with devoicing of the ending and no other irregularity

Many verbs derive from Germanic strong verbs, which make many of their inflected forms through vowel gradation, as can be observed in Modern English patterns.

Most of these have regular -ed forms as alternatives.

• Smelt or Smelled – what is correct and how to use it
• Spelled or Spelt – what is correct and how to use it
• Spilt or Spilled – what is correct and how to use it
• Learnt or Learned – what is correct and how to use it

  Verb		Past		Past Participle
  burn		burnt		burnt
  dwell		dwelt		dwelt
  learn		learnt		learnt
  smell		smelt		smelt
  spell		spelt		spelt
  spill		spilt		spilt
  spoil		spoilt		spoilt

  To find the correct form, you can use an online database of the irregular verbs.

  For example: irregular verb LEARN